Since the Industrial Revolution, the internal combustion engine (ICE) has been powering human dreams and mobility. Air-fuel mixture enters the engine, a piston compresses it, a spark ignites it, and the expansion of the combustion gases pushes the piston to turn the crankshaft. Over the years, efficiency has increased with advances, such as fuel injection and turbocharging, but the principle has remained the same. ICE is the workhorse of everything from cars and ships to industrial and agricultural machinery.